Sunday, June 26, 2016

Sources of Doubt (3 of 7): Anti-Mormon Propoganda

            While it is disheartening, it is nonetheless true that there is a deliberate industry determined to attack and criticize the Church. “There is an insidious effort going on,” said President Gordon B. Hinckley, “to try to undermine the Church and destroy its credibility, even among its own members.”[1]
This is not new. In the very beginning of mankind’s existence on the earth the “serpent” beguiled Eve.[2] He deceptively charmed her into believing his words. The Sadducees, Pharisees, scribes, and lawyers, those who thought themselves the most saintly, learned, and wise among the people, harangued the Savior incessantly.[3] They pretended piousness before the people but were bent on undermining the Lord’s teachings and destroying the faith of His followers.
Mormon recorded a time in the Book of Mormon when “whosoever did not belong to the church of God began to persecute those that did belong to the church of God, and had taken upon them the name of Christ. Yea, they did persecute them, and afflict them with all manner of words.”[4]
Just eight years after the organization of the Church, Parley P. Pratt said, “Why do the Elders of the Church hold their peace, instead of contradicting the various falsehoods, which are published concerning them and their principles? The answer is, it would require a standing army of writers and printers in constant employ; for no sooner are our enemies detected in one falsehood, than a thousand more are put in circulation by them.”[5]
Fifty years later, Junius F. Wells[6] stated, “The Latter-day Saints have been so repeatedly and generally misrepresented and maligned…Were the people to undertake to meet every lie uttered against them and set it right, they would devote the whole of their lives to it and then die without accomplishing the desired object.”[7]
More recently, President Gordon B. Hinckley stated, “What about the critics of the Church who have been so vocal of late? We have them. We have always had them…Noisy as they are, they are not as threatening.” He then remarked, “People ask whether we are fearful of research of our history. My reply to this is no, of course not, provided it is done with balance and integrity.”[8]
Anti-Mormon propaganda comes from many sources, including scientific statements, religious leaders of other churches, family, friends, the Internet, books, magazine articles, and even members of the Church who think they have a sincere desire to “tell it like it is” or “let the historical documents speak for themselves.” It is, unfortunately, no less true in our day than it was in the early days of the Church when the Lord revealed to Joseph Smith that “many spirits which are false spirits…have gone forth in the earth, deceiving the world” and that “there are hypocrites among you, who have deceived some.” Anti-Mormon propaganda gives “the adversary power.”[9] One of the manifestations of that evil power is the doubt that develops among Church members.
Thankfully, the Lord also told the Prophet, “hypocrites shall be detected and shall be cut off.”[10] In his own day, Jesus Christ often found it necessary to silence sophistry with His divine intellect and inspired reasoning.[11] Along with preaching the pure principles of His gospel, He had to contend with critics, faultfinders, and outright liars.
It has become necessary in our day to follow His example in this regard. I applaud those who defend the Church and the Brethren. I especially admire those who are apologetic without being polemic.
Anti-Mormonism is actually a smaller effort of perhaps a more sinister scheme to convince the human race that basing one’s life on religion is naïve and useless. “Atheists and agnostics make nonbelief their religion,” said President Boyd K. Packer, “and today organize in unprecedented ways to attack faith and belief. They are now organized, and they pursue political power. You will be hearing much about them and from them. Much of their attack is indirect in mocking the faithful, in mocking religion.”[12]
In April 2014, I attended a meeting sponsored by the American Atheists who were holding their annual convention in Salt Lake City, Utah. Up to that point, I thought athiests were happy to go about life from their point of view and allow others to live with a belief in God. But this particular brand of atheism was militant against religion of any sort. Their president explicitly stated several times during the meeting that their ultimate goal was to eradicate religion from the earth because it is not good for humankind. Atheists like these and anti-Mormons may be fulfilling, at least to some degree, Isaiah’s well-known prophecy of those who “call evil good, and good evil; that put darkness for light, and light for darkness.”[13]
When I’m confronted with anti-Mormon sentiments on Facebook or see the media sensationalize seemingly salacious stories about the Church – its doctrine, practices, policies, or its founder Joseph Smith – I find myself humming a phrase from W. W. Phelps’ energetic hymn, “Praise to the Man”: “Traitors…now fight him in vain.”[14] During his all night instruction, Moroni told Joseph that his name “should be had for good and evil among all nations, kindreds, and tongues, or that it should be both good and evil spoken of among all people.”[15] And so it has been from 1820 to the very latest day. The maligning tongue of anti-Mormons vexes some members, but most have a conviction of the Spirit about who Joseph the Prophet really was and remain unaffected.
Perhaps President Hinckley’s prophetic perspective might provide a bit of a warning to those who use their energy to undermine the Church and destroy the faith of its followers:
When we are called before the bar of God to give an accounting of our performance, I think it unlikely that any of us will be commended for wearing out our lives in an effort to find some morsel of history, incomplete in its context, to cast doubt on the integrity of this work. Rather, I believe we will be examined on what we did to build the kingdom, to bring light and understanding of the eternal truths of the gospel to the eyes and minds of all who are willing to listen, to care for the poor and the needy, and to make of the world a better place as a result of our presence.[16]

My own experience confronting anti-Mormon criticism and trying to verify its accuracy has led me to conclude that most, if not all, of it is meant to produce doubt. Anti-Mormon propaganda comes from a prejudiced point of view. Anti-Mormons became such, no doubt, from unfortunate experiences with Church members and leaders or a misinterpretation of information about the Church. These negative experiences bias their perspective and entice them to look for weaknesses or mistakes that reinforce their already jaded feelings toward the Church. Injected with such high doses of negativity, they tend to present information inaccurately to dissuade others from believing in the truthfulness of the Church. Anti-Mormon propaganda has as its primary, if not sole, purpose to generate doubt.
For example, we know the Sadducees, Pharisees, scribes, lawyers, and others who opposed Jesus tried to create doubt about the veracity of Jesus’ claim to be the Son of God and Savior of the world. Some spread rumors that He was “excessively greedy” and “a wino.”[17] Even His so-called “friends” accused him of being “beside himself,” meaning He was out of his wits or insane.[18] They censured Him, saying, “He hath Beelzebub,” a colloquial phrase meaning he was a “dung-god.” In today’s vernacular, one would say (and please excuse the crudeness here), “He is full of crap.”[19]
Christ’s biography would certainly be different if it had been written by the Sadducees or Pharisees, avid anti-Christs. Their account would give ample reason to doubt Jesus. The same can be said of latter-day anti-Mormons. Their teachings, while touted as truth, tend toward an extremely distorted, even false, opinion. Let’s not let anti-Mormon propaganda be the source of determining whether or not we continue faithful to the Lord, His Church, and His leaders.
Thankfully, people who experience doubt because of anti-Mormon propaganda can be “reclaimed,” as the Lord revealed to Joseph Smith.[20] But, it may take the love and support of trusted family and friends who can inspire doubters to be wise in detecting anti-Mormon propaganda for what it really is and does. President Dieter F. Uchtdorf’s counsel applies fittingly here:
There will be times when it may appear that things are going badly for the truth of God—that the evidence of the world contradicts God’s utterances. For my part, I have learned to be patient, knowing that in the end things will work out. God’s kingdom will continue to grow. The truth will continue to flourish and spread throughout the earth. Sometimes all it takes is a little faith and a little patience. Things that may appear impossible now may become matter-of-fact in years to come.[21]



[1] Gordon B. Hinckley, “The Miracle Made Possible by Faith,” April 1984 General Conference.
[2] Genesis 3:13; Moses 4:19.
[3] A few examples are: Matthew 19:3; 22:15; Luke 10:25; 11:16; 20:20; John 8:6.
[4] Alma 1:19–20.
[5] Parley P. Pratt, Mormonism Unveiled: Zion’s Watchman Unmasked, and It’s Editor Mr. L. R. Sunderland, Exposed: Truth Vindicated: The Devil Mad, and Priestcraft in Danger! (Joseph W. Harrison, Printer, 1838),1.
[6] Junius F. Wells was an assistant Church Historian from 1921 to 1930 and was the founder of the Young Men’s Mutual Improvement Association (see Encyclopedia of Latter-day Saint History, p. 1326).
[7] Junius F. Wells, The Contributor Vol. 13, No. 1 (November 1891), 52.
[8] “Questions and Answers,” Ensign, November 1985, p. 52
[9] Doctrine and Covenants 50:2, 7.
[10] Doctrine and Covenants 50:8
[11] Matthew 22:15–22; Luke 20:1–8.
[12] “Lehi’s Dream and You,” New Era, January 2015, p. 4.
[13] Isaiah 5:20.
[14] Hymns, [1985], No. 27.
[15] Joseph Smith—History 1:33.
[16] “Questions and Answers,” Ensign, November 1985, p. 52.
[17] Luke 7:34; Matthew 11:19.
[19] Strong’s Concordance with Hebrew and Greek Lexicon online at www.eliyah.com/lexicon: https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/Lexicon/Lexicon.cfm?strongs=G954&t=KJV.
[20] Doctrine and Covenants 50:7.
[21] “Seeing Beyond the Leaf,” address at BYU Church History Symposium in Salt Lake City, March 7, 2014; bracketed phrase added.

Monday, June 20, 2016

Sources of Doubt (2 of 7): New Information

            In some respects, our society reflects the Athenians who “spent their time in nothing else, but either to tell, or to hear some new thing.”[1] Rather than sitting on stone benches listening to and debating others in an amphitheater built into Mars Hill, 21st-century knowledge seekers sit in easy chairs using keyboards and mice to miraculously amass information from a plethora of disparate sources. “Because of modern technology,” said Elder Dallin H. Oaks, “the contents of huge libraries and other data resources are at the fingertips of many of us.”[2] With convenient access to all that knowledge, many of us spend significant portions of our time searching the internet, following what is trending, or posting new information about our own life. This is not necessarily a bad thing. We all appreciate learning something new and there is nothing wrong with the modern-day mechanisms we use to seek knowledge. Besides, there is an inherent pleasure that accompanies the discovery of new information.
Yet, when it comes to learning new information about Church history or doctrine there seems to be a greater tendency to become offended. New information about the Church can be like the stone that David slung at Goliath.[3] Such a thing had never before entered his head and it was lethal.[4] Over the past few years, I have observed an increasing number of people whose testimony is shaken when they learn something new about Joseph Smith, Church history events, or newly revealed statements by Church leaders. The new information is particularly lethal if it is different than or contradictory to what they learned while growing up in the Church or if it opposes their personal opinion. They question why no one told them these things before. For a few, it doesn’t take long before destructive doubt negatively affects their testimony about the truthfulness of the Church. Some even become embittered and engage in mocking or criticizing the Church and its leaders.[5]

Why didn’t someone tell me that when I joined the Church?
In the summer of 2013, a phone call to Church headquarters was forwarded to my office. It was a kind, older gentleman who had been converted to the Church 12 years previous. After a brief exchange of pleasantries he said to me, “Why are the Ensign people shoving the NRA down my throat?” I assured him that I knew the people who compiled the Ensign and that they would not do something like that nor be permitted to do it, especially with the rigorous review process the magazines go through.
He told me to look at page 40 of the June 2013 Ensign. There, I found a painting depicting the moment a mob stormed the Carthage jail to kill Joseph Smith. I found it quite coincidental that the artist consulted with my wife on this particular painting to get a more accurate portrayal of the mob. In the very center of the picture was a gun protruding from Joseph’s pants pocket as he helped Willard Richards and John Taylor bar the door.
I grabbed my copy of volume six of the History of the Church and found the page where this event is recounted. I explained to the good-natured caller that after receiving assurances from Governor Ford that Joseph and the others in jail would be protected, Cyrus Wheelock went to visit the Prophet at the jail. Then I read him the following:

The morning being a little rainy, favored his [Cyrus Wheelock] wearing an overcoat, in the side pocket of which he was enabled to carry a six shooter, and he passed the guard unmolested. During his visit in the prison he slipped the revolver into Joseph’s pocket. Joseph examined it, and asked Wheelock if he had not better retain it for his own protection.
…Joseph then handed the single barrel pistol which had been given him by John S. Fullmer, to his brother Hyrum, and said, “You may have use for this.” Brother Hyrum, observed, “I hate to use such things or to see them used.”  “So do I,” said Joseph, “but we may have to, to defend ourselves.” Upon this, Hyrum took the pistol.[6]

After reading those few details of the event, my friend on the other end of the phone was satisfied that his concern about the promotion of NRA in Church magazines was unwarranted. But, to my surprise, he immediately said, “Why didn’t someone tell me this when I joined the Church?” In a moment of playful sarcasm, I retorted, “Did you really expect the missionaries to approach your door and say, ‘Hello, we are representatives of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and we have a message about His gospel and the gun that Joseph Smith had in Carthage jail.’” He graciously acknowledged his lapse in thinking and forgave my lighthearted yet slightly caustic tone.
This, and other similar experiences, made me realize that people who learn about certain kinds of information after being in the Church for a while wonder why nobody told them those things. This circumstance can generate doubt and lead some to become distrustful of and even embittered toward the Church and its leaders.

Why aren’t you troubled by issues that bother others?
My son Zach is an articulate defender of the faith. He served his mission in Arkansas, part of the Bible belt, where he encountered just about every criticism and attack made against the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. He was astute enough to listen long enough to understand the criticism and was wise enough to spend time searching the truth of the matter. One day while we were talking about some of the modern-day verbal assaults on the Church, I asked him, “How is it that you know all the issues that trouble other members but you don’t seem bothered by them?” He told me that he thought it was because he learned some of the issues at an early age. He recounted how at about the age of 13 a teacher at Church mentioned that Joseph Smith practiced polygamy just like Brigham Young did. To him at the time, it just seemed like another piece of historical information – nothing testimony-shattering.
It has become apparent to me that, in general, when people learn troubling issues about Church history or doctrine in their youth or young adulthood, they seem to be more accepting of it than if they learn about it when they are much older (say 35 or so). I have concluded that while it is appropriate to introduce certain kinds of information at certain ages in a child’s development, maybe we ought to reassess when it is appropriate to expose children or youth to more of the details about Church history events.

New Information and Transparency
Between 2013 and 2015, Church leaders published thorough and lengthy essays on a few troubling issues in Gospel Topics on LDS.org.[7] They are of a scholarly nature and provide rich and transparent detail. Additionally, leaders of the Church Educational System have included links to the essays in their seminary and institute curriculum.[8] This way, youth and young adults will be exposed to this seemingly difficult material with the aid of a faithful teacher who can assist them in working through things that could cause doubt.
Recently, a few members have been troubled over learning that Joseph Smith placed a seer stone in a hat to provide shade from the light so he could see the words illuminated on the stone better (similar to the way we use our hand or some other object to shade the sun so we can see what is illuminated on our cell phone screen). After listening to more than a few people ask why the Church didn’t tell them this, I did a search on LDS.org with the words “seer stone” and “hat.” I found seven times in Church magazines where the stone, or the hat, or both are discussed. The first time the seer stone was mentioned, to my amazement, was in the September 1974 issue of the Friend.[9] The first time the hat was mentioned was in the September 1977 issue of the Ensign.[10] So, not only are Church leaders not hiding things, they are talking about them in the publication for children and did so 40 years ago.[11]
Furthermore, I have been involved in writing curriculum for the Church for over 15 years. The discussions we have when determining what to include in a given manual do not center on what we are going to hide. They focus on what is relevant and essential. Think about it. In a year’s time, you only have 48 Sundays with only 25 to 35 minutes (maybe 40 if you’re lucky and the announcements don’t go long) to talk about the hundreds of gospel topics contained in thousands of scriptural pages (not to mention the myriad Church history events). How do you decide what to include and what not to include? After some deliberation on this question, the obvious answer is to include that which is relevant and essential for one to seek salvation. Topics such as the United Order, ward budgets (the way it was done before 1990), regional representatives, the law of consecration as applied to property, plural marriage, or the exact particulars of the translation of the Book of Mormon are not as relevant or essential for the salvation of 21st-century Saints. I repeat that the efforts of curriculum writers I worked with was to determine what was essential and what could be left out. There was never an intent to hide information.
I hasten to add that curriculum writers may need to include some issue nowadays that didn’t seem so relevant even five to ten years ago. Church curriculum writers may need to give special heed to Elder M. Russell Ballard’s counsel:
“Gone are the days when a student asked an honest question and a teacher responded, ‘Don’t worry about it!’ Gone are the days when a student raised a sincere concern and a teacher bore his or her testimony as a response intended to avoid the issue. Gone are the days when students were protected from people who attacked the Church…This is especially applicable today because not all of your students have the faith necessary to face the challenges ahead and because many of them are already exposed through the Internet to corrosive forces of an increasingly secular world that is hostile to faith, family, and gospel standards. The Internet is expanding its reach across the world into almost every home and into the very hands and minds of your students.”[12]

Personal and Family Study
We are expected to engage in consistent personal and family gospel study. This, in my experience, is the best place and time to learn new information about the Church. We cannot rely solely on the brief and superficial gospel study at Church meetings for a deep or broad gospel understanding. The Church curriculum does not have the space, nor do our meetings allow the time, to study everything in the scriptures or in Church history. So it is incumbent upon each of us to take the initiative to search more deeply on our own and with our family.
It is also important to realize that we glean new information on one subject or another almost every day of our lives. Often that information is different than or even contradictory to our current understanding of things. This is the blessed process of ongoing research, exploration, and revelation. So, we shouldn’t be offended when we learn something new about Church history or doctrine any more than we become offended at learning something new about the cosmos, the sub-atomic structure, or cutting-edge dietary restrictions.
At the same time, it is absolutely axiomatic that no one learns everything about any subject all at once. We grow in our knowledge over time and, with the amount of intelligence God is pouring down upon the earth in all aspects of knowledge in these last days,[13] none of us will ever know everything about any given subject.
So, let’s help our friends and loved ones who are doubting not to let new information about or from the Church cause them to doubt. Encourage them to be patient as they learn new things about Church history and doctrine. Help them not to fret when they learn something new that was not taught them earlier in their Church experience or that challenges some of their previous knowledge or their preconceived notions about what is true.



[1] Acts 17:21.
[2] “Focus and Priorities,” Ensign, May 2001, p. 82.
[3] 1 Samuel 17:48–49.
[4] Elder Orson F. Whitney, Conference Report, April 19, 1926, pp. 34-35.
[5] 2 Chronicles 36:15–16; Matthew 15:12; Acts 17:32; 1 Nephi 1:19; Moses 6:37.
[6] History of the Church, Vol. 6, pp. 607–608.
[9] “A Peaceful Heart,” Friend, September 1974.
[10] Richard Lloyd Anderson, “By the Gift and Power of God,” Ensign, September 1977.
[11] Here are five other places in Church magazines that refer to the stone and/or the hat: Richard Lloyd Anderson, “The Alvin Smith Story: Fact and Fiction, Ensign, August 1987; Neal A. Maxwell, “By the Gift and Power of God,” Ensign, January 1997; “Highlights in the Prophet’s Life,” Ensign, June 1994; Russell M. Nelson, “A Treasured Testament,” Ensign, July 1993; “Coming Forth of the Book of Mormon,” Friend, September 2004.
[12] “The Opportunities and Responsibilities of CES Teachers in the 21st Century,” Address to CES Religious Educators, February 26, 2016.
[13] Joel 2:28–29; Doctrine and Covenants 76:7–10; 121:26–32.